Paphlagonia

Between Pontus to the east and Bithynia to the west, in north-central Anatolia, was the ancient area of Paphlagonia, which was divided from Phrygia (later, Galatia) by a stretch to the east of the Bithynian Olympus. Strabo claimed that the region's eastern and western boundaries were established by the Halys River and the Parthenius River, respectively. According to legend, Paphlagon, a son of the legendary Phineus, inspired the name of Paphlagonia.

The region was inhabited by various tribes, including the Paphlagonians, who were known for their skills in horse breeding and warfare. Paphlagonia was conquered by the Persians in the 6th century BC, and later became part of the Kingdom of Pontus.

During the Roman period, Paphlagonia was divided into two provinces, Paphlagonia and Honorias. It was also an important center of Christianity, with several notable bishops and saints hailing from the region.

• Sinop, is the birthplace of the famous Greek philosopher Diogenes.
• Sinope has given its name to the outermost satellite of Jupiter. A crater on Mars is named after Sinop too.